Interpretation of National Standards for Technical Requirements of Cleanroom Luminaires

According to the national standard "Technical Requirements for Luminaires Used in Cleanrooms" (GB/T 24461-2023), luminaires for cleanrooms must meet the following technical requirements, which can be directly used for specification documents:

1. ‌Electrical Safety Performance Requirements‌
   The rated operating voltage of cleanroom luminaires must not exceed 1000V AC or 1500V DC. All live parts must be designed with double insulation or reinforced insulation. Insulation materials must pass the proof tracking index test (PTI ≥ 600) as specified in GB/T 4207. The cross-sectional area of internal wiring must not be less than 0.5 mm², and high-temperature resistant silicone rubber wires (long-term temperature ≥ 180°C) must be used. Grounding terminals should be made of copper alloy and marked clearly with the grounding symbol, with a grounding resistance value ≤ 0.1 Ω. The lamp drive power supply must pass the abnormal condition test specified in GB 19510.14 and should not catch fire or produce toxic gases under output short-circuit or open-circuit conditions.

2. ‌Optical Performance Indicators‌
   Initial luminous efficacy requirements: LED luminaires ≥ 100 lm/W, fluorescent luminaires ≥ 70 lm/W. Correlated color temperature should be adjustable within the range of 3000K-6500K, with a deviation within the same cleanroom not exceeding ±200K. Color rendering index Ra ≥ 80 (Ra ≥ 90 required in special areas such as operating rooms), and standard deviation of color matching (SDCM) ≤ 5. Illuminance uniformity on the working plane ≥ 0.7, and unified glare rating (UGR) ≤ 19. Luminaires should be equipped with optical-grade PC diffusers, with luminance uniformity of the light-emitting surface ≥ 85% and no visible spots or dark areas. LED luminaires must pass a 3000-hour luminous flux maintenance test (attenuation ≤ 3%)

3. ‌Mechanical Structure and Protection Level‌
   The luminaire housing must be made of 304 stainless steel or anodized aluminum alloy, with a surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.8 μm. All joints should be sealed using food-grade silicone gaskets (complying with FDA 21 CFR 177.2600) to ensure an IP65 protection rating (tested according to GB/T 4208). The luminaire mounting bracket must withstand a static load test of 4 times the luminaire's weight (24 hours without deformation). Detachable parts should be designed with anti-fall structures and must not loosen after vibration testing (frequency 10-55Hz, amplitude 0.35mm). The electrostatic voltage on the luminaire surface should be ≤ 100V (test method according to GB/T 12703.1).

4. ‌Materials and Cleanliness Control‌
   All non-metallic materials must pass the UL94 V-0 flame retardancy test, and TVOC emission should be ≤ 0.05 mg/m³·h (tested according to GB/T 29899). The surface roughness of parts in contact with air should be Ra ≤ 0.4 μm, with a contact angle ≤ 75° (to prevent particle attachment). Materials containing silicone or phthalates must not be used inside the luminaires. Elastomers such as sealing rings must pass ISO 10993-5 cytotoxicity testing. The blue light hazard of LED light sources must meet RG0 requirements (according to IEC 62471).

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6. ‌Electromagnetic Compatibility and Environmental Adaptability‌
   Luminaires must pass the GB/T 17626 series of tests: electrostatic discharge immunity ±8kV (contact discharge), radio frequency electromagnetic field immunity 10V/m (80MHz-1GHz), and electrical fast transient/burst immunity ±2kV (power ports). Conducted disturbance limits should comply with GB 17743 Class B requirements. The operating environment temperature range should be -20°C to +50°C, and the luminaire should start normally under humidity conditions of 95% RH without condensation. They must pass the sinusoidal vibration test specified in GB/T 2423.10 (5-500Hz, acceleration 20 m/s²).

7. ‌Additional Requirements for Special Areas‌
   Luminaires for biosafety laboratories require added air tightness testing (leakage rate ≤ 1×10⁻⁴ Pa·m³/s). Luminaires for explosive atmospheres should comply with Ex ib IIB T4 Gb as per GB/T 3836.1. Operating room luminaires need to be equipped with backup power (switching time ≤ 0.5s) and real-time illuminance monitoring modules. The microbial limit on the surface of luminaires in pharmaceutical production areas should be ≤ 5 CFU/100 cm² (tested according to GB/T 16292).

8. ‌Installation and Maintenance Specifications‌
   The installation height of luminaires should be 1.8-2.2m from the work plane, with spacing not exceeding 1.5 times the length of the luminaire. For recessed installation, the gap between the luminaire frame and the ceiling should be ≤ 1mm and sealed with sterile adhesive. Special cleaning agents (pH value 6-8) should be used for maintenance, and halogenated solvents are prohibited. The total maintenance time during the luminaire's lifespan (≥50,000 hours) should not exceed 24 hours. The intelligent control system needs to support MODBUS RTU or BACnet protocol interfaces.